Magyar.

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This high-water mark in history I was only vaguely familiar with. Until now!

Thanks to the excellent Internet web site isegoria.net and the original article as seen at Logarithmic History:
 
"No Longer Tribal, Not Really Civilized"

"In his Logarithmic History, Doug Jones briefly addresses empires and barbarians"

"The fall of Rome involved the disintegration of the Roman state; the collapse of long-distance trade; the disappearance of mass-produced pottery, coinage, and monumental architecture over large areas; declining literacy among commoners and elites; great insecurity of life and property, and demographic collapse . . . In the West, the nadir was perhaps the tenth century. We might set the turning point at the battle of Lechfeld (955): a last set of invaders off the steppes, the Magyars, was defeated by the Emperor Otto, and then adopted Christianity, gave up nomadic marauding, and settled down as feudal lords in Hungary."

Nadir as meaning the lowest possible point. The Dark Ages. Those words as "disintegration", "collapse", "disappearance", "decline", most evocative of events as they occurred at the time.

Click on image for a larger view. Again, I was vaguely aware of Magyar incursions into western Europe but not as to the extent that such raids occurred over such a prolonged period. NOTE that even after Lechfeld II raids continued but more limited [?] in scale. That area in pink roughly designates the Hungarian Plain.

Lechfeld the site of two battles: Lechfeld I (910), Lechfeld II (955).

"The Battle of Lechfeld (10 August 955) was a decisive victory for Otto I the Great, King of the Germans, over the Hungarian Harka Bulcsú and the chieftains Lél (Lehel) and Súr. It is often seen as the defining event in the repulsion of Hungarians incursions into Western Europe."

With terms from that point forward the Hungarian [Magyar] now European. Just behave yourselves!! And all praise to King Otto.

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Thomson Flight.

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Once again from the Sheldon Adelson Internet web site some further info regarding events as transpired two months ago in the sky vicinity Sharm el-Sheikh.

BRITISH THOMSON AIRFLIGHT NOT NECESSARILY COMING UNDER MISSILE ATTACK. A MISSILE SPOTTED YES BUT PART OF A ROUTINE EGYPTIAN MILITARY EXERCISE?

"As seen at Freeper and the original article from the Daily Mail MANPAD attack directed against civilian airliner flying over the Sinai HAS OCCURRED! TWO MONTHS PRIOR TO THE CRASH OF THE METROJET A321."

A MISSILE INDEED BUT NOT A MANPAD DIRECTED AT THE THOMSON FLIGHT.

"Rocket attack on UK tour jet: Pilot with 189 passengers dodged missile above Sharm El Sheikh"

"British media reported on Saturday that a British passenger jet came close to being hit by a rocket as it came in to land at Sharm el-Sheikh in August, although the British government said it concluded the incident was part of routine Egyptian military exercises, not a deliberate attack."

"The pilot of the Thomson flight from London to Egypt took evasive action after spotting the missile coming toward the plane as it flew to the Red Sea resort, the Daily Mail reported."

NOT A DELIBERATE ATTACK BUT THE DAMAGE WAS DONE NONETHELESS. THAT PILOT OF THE THOMSON FLIGHT DID BELIEVE HE WAS UNDER ATTACK!

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Stranded.

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Yet more from the Sheldon Adelson Internet web site. Those tourists now stranded in Sharm el-Sheikh in prodigious numbers without a means available for return to the homeland. Russians and English both.

And as was noted in a previous blog entry:

 8. "Anti-air missiles in ISIS hands also imperil Saudi, Jordanian and Israeli skies"

 5 Nov.

 "The British Cobra (emergency cabinet) decision of Wednesday, Nov. 4, not to send airliners to or from Sharm El-Sheikh, where 20,000 British tourists are stranded, further strengthens the assumption that the Russian Metrojet Flight 9268 was downed over Sinai Saturday by a terrorist missile."

Prodigious number of tourists stranded in Sharm Again to include Russians and English.

"On Friday, Moscow suspended flights to Egypt, leaving nearly 80,000 Russians stranded, mainly in the Red Sea resorts of Hurghada and Sharm el-Sheikh, and adding to the growing chaos facing many tourists."

"British attempts to airlift home thousands of holidaymakers on Friday were mired in confusion when Egypt restricted the number of flights, citing capacity limits at Sharm el-Sheikh airport and British airliners' refusal to hold passenger luggage in the cargo bay."

"The purpose of terror is to terrorize!" - - V. I. Lenin. Surely we all realize that is so.

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Chatter.

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More updates regarding the Russian Metrojet airliner. Courtesy in all cases to the Sheldon Adelson Internet web site Israel Hayom.

THE THOUGHT NOW BEING THAT A BOMB RATHER THAN A MISSILE BEING THE CAUSE FOR THE CATASTROPHIC EVENT AS HAS OCCURRED.

"Report: UK jihadis may have been part of Russian plane bombing"

"'Chatter' picked up by British intelligence features jihadis with British accents celebrating after explosion that killed 224 aboard a Russian airliner in Sinai, according to reports • Islamic State claims responsibility for crash in narrated video."

. . . .

"The unconfirmed reports suggested that Britons trained in Syria with an 'electronics background' might have helped to construct the bomb that brought down the Russian jet. 'Chatter' picked up by British intelligence reportedly featured jihadis with British accents celebrating in Egypt after the explosion."

"The 'chatter' was picked up by the U.K.'s surveillance agency, Government Communications Headquarters."

"Being born in a barn does not necessarily make one a horse." Being born in England does not necessarily make one an Englishman.

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Metrojet 9268.

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From the latest edition of the DEBKAfile weekly newsletter info regarding the shoot-down [?] of the Russian Metrojet:

1. "IDF planes and drones helped locate crashed Russian airliner" IDF = Israeli Defense Forces.

 31 October.

"Israeli Air Force reconnaissance planes and drones assisted in the location of the crashed Russian airliner in central Sinai Saturday morning."

2. "ISIS claims downing Russian airliner in Sinai in reprisal for Moscow's Syria air strikes"

31 October.

"ISIS's Sinai affiliate claimed Saturday after a Russian airliner carrying 224 people from Sharm el-Sheikh to St. Petersburg crashed over Sinai:"

 "ISIS sent officers, former senior members of Saddam Hussein's army to Sinai, to set up a major campaign against the Egyptian army, along with advanced anti-air missile systems smuggled into Sinai and the Gaza Strip from Libya."

DESCRIBED AS ADVANCED MISSILE SYSTEMS. MOST WORRISOME. WE MAY SUPPOSE SURFACE-TO-AIR MISSILES BEYOND THE PEA-SHOOTER MANPAD VARIETY?

3. "Emirates, Air Arabia and FlyDubai reroute flights to avoid Sina"

1 November.

"The three Gulf airlines, Emirates, Air Arabia and FlyDubai followed Lufthansa and Air France-KLM in rerouting their flights to avoid Sinai"

4. "Western airlines warned to avoid Sharm el-Sheikh over missile threat"

2 November.

"US, British and German aviation authorities Monday issued a directive to their airlines and air crews to avoid flying over the Sinai Peninsula below 26,000 feet and avoid Sharm el-Sheikh airport due to extremist violence. The warning mentioned the use of anti-aircraft weapons with the potential for reaching high altitudes."

5. "US embassy staff in Cairo told to avoid Sinai"

3 November

"The United States Embassy in Cairo has instructed its staff not to travel anywhere in Egypt's Sinai Peninsula as a 'precautionary measure,'"

6. "We'll [ISIL] soon disclose how we downed Russian plane"

4 November.

"In an audio recording released Wednesday via social networks, ISIS repeated its claim of responsibility for the downing of a Russian airliner over the Sinai Peninsula on Saturday, adding that it will soon reveal how it shot down the jet."

7. "UK says 'explosive device' may have caused Russian plane crash"

4 November.

"The British PM's office ordered a delay for flights due to leave Sharm el-Sheikh for Britain Wednesday night with British holiday makers aboard following intelligence that the Russian airliner was blown up Saturday by an explosive device."

8. "Anti-air missiles in ISIS hands also imperil Saudi, Jordanian and Israeli skies"

5 Nov.

"The British Cobra (emergency cabinet) decision of Wednesday, Nov. 4, not to send airliners to or from Sharm El-Sheikh, where 20,000 British tourists are stranded, further strengthens the assumption that the Russian Metrojet Flight 9268 was downed over Sinai Saturday by a terrorist missile."

Devoted readers to the blog will have to arrive at their own conclusions. Without question airliners flying in and out of Sharm el-Sheikh in grave peril. Take your own chances.

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Thomson.

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As seen at Freeper and the original article from the Daily Mail MANPAD attack directed against civilian airliner flying over the Sinai HAS OCCURRED! TWO MONTHS PRIOR TO THE CRASH OF THE METROJET A321.

"Rocket attack on UK tour jet: Pilot with 189 passengers dodged missile above Sharm El Sheikh"

"- The Thomson flight from London Stansted only took evasive action - The pilot had spotted the missile speeding through the air - Holidaymakers were not told they had been seconds from disaster - It was just two months before a Metrojet plane crash in Sinai, killing 224"

"A British plane carrying 189 passengers came within 1,000 ft of a rocket as it approached Sharm El Sheikh, it emerged last night."

"The Thomson flight from London Stansted only took evasive action after the pilot spotted the missile speeding through the air."

"The jet landed safely, and holidaymakers were not told they had been seconds from disaster."

"The Department for Transport confirmed the incident took place on August 23 - just two months before a Metrojet plane crashed in central Sinai, killing all 224 on board."

ON this particular occasion the pilot of the "Thomson flight" having the presence of mind, knowing how to respond, taking appropriate evasive action and averting catastrophe. Well done.

Those persons and flight crew of the Metrojet did not even have such a chance!!

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Yuanmeng.

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From MARCO POLO through Harry some details of the Chinese military airship Yuanmeng:

"According to a source in China, a huge airship, called 'Yuanmeng', is under development. It is filled with eighteen thousand cubic meters of helium, and can cruise at the height of one hundred kilometers. Its motors and systems are fed by current from huge solar panels on its top. Its crew as well as reconnaissance and communication gears are housed in the gondolas. At this altitude, it is completely safe from enemy aircraft and missiles."

This airship:

* Manned? This is not clear.

* NOT tethered. Can maneuver.

* Capable of flight to the very edge of space.

First from Popular Science:

1. "China Tests Its Largest Airship"

"On October 13, 2015, China started the 24 hour test flight of its largest airship yet in Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia. The Yuanmeng has a volume of 18,000 cubic meters, a length of 75 meters and a height of 22 meters. It will fly to 20,000 meters to test its control systems and near-space flight performance. With solar panels installed on its top, the Yuanmeng will be one of the largest solar-powered airships in existence. Using solar power to drive its rotors will save additional weight in order to increase payload, and gives it a total flight endurance of six months. The Yuanmeng's 5- to 7-ton payload of data relays, datalinks, cameras and other sensors would also be powered by the sun"

And also from Popular Mechanics:

2. "China's New Spy Airship Hunts Aircraft Carriers From the Edge of Space"

. . . .

"The airship works via a combination of lighter-than-air gases and electricity. Helium lifts the ship to the near-space region (65,000 to 328,000 feet). Once Yuanmeng​ is at altitude, solar panels mounted on the surface provide electrical power to propellers that guide the airship into position. Solar power is ideal for high-altitude drones and airships because it reduces the need for an internal fuel supply, reducing the overall size of the aircraft and freeing it from the task of carrying its own fuel"

The American military has already both the ASAT and Aegis cruiser Standard missile both more than capable of shooting down this Chinese airship. Do not think Yuanmeng to be impervious to attack.

THAT MILITARY AIRSHIP HISTORICALLY NOT SUCH A GREAT SUCCESS! FOR LIMITED AND CLEARLY DEFINED PURPOSES SUITABLE BUT HAVING DRAWBACKS THAT MITIGATES EFFICIENCY. GOOD ON PAPER BUT OFTEN NOT MUCH MORE BEYOND THAT.

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