UXO.

This is coolbert:

Grand strategy the Ukraine Conflict! Preparing for the end of the war and what-will-follow in the aftermath. Planning even essential while the war is being fought, even without resolution in the foreseeable future.

"A GLOBAL CALL TO ACTION: DE-MINING UKRAINE REQUIRES INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION AND INVESTMENT"

Courtesy smallwarsjournal.com the article by Daniel Rice  |   03/25/2023 

"The war in Ukraine is ongoing, and while the focus is on winning battles and planning reconstruction, one critical aspect is being overlooked: de-mining. As the Russian invasion has left millions of unexploded ordnance (UXOs) and landmines across 27% of Ukraine's territory, we must take urgent action to prevent further civilian casualties and ensure the future prosperity of the region. It is time for an international effort on the scale of the Marshall Plan or the Manhattan Project to address this monumental challenge."

[....]

"The farmland is another critical area for demining. Ukraine, known as the breadbasket of the world, has at least 2.5 million hectares of land [2,500 square kilometers] littered with ordnance, making it unusable for farming. This has significant implications not only for Ukraine's economy but also for global food security. The land could potentially generate $6 billion per year in agricultural exports, and this opportunity cost must be factored into any financial analysis of the demining initiative."

I HAVE SAID THIS BEFORE! THAT BLACK EARTH OF THE EURASIAN STEPPE LAND TOO VALUABLE TO BE LEFT FALLOW. DE-MINING AND RESTORATION OF CROPLAND TO A PRODUCTIVE STATE A MUST!

See all germane prior blog entries some quite current within context:

https://militaryanalysis.blogspot.com/2023/03/red-zone.html

https://militaryanalysis.blogspot.com/2023/02/de-miners.html

https://militaryanalysis.blogspot.com/2023/02/rouge.html

https://militaryanalysis.blogspot.com/2023/01/deminers.html

coolbert.